The paleobotany section consists of 5000 specimens, some of them older than 300 million years, mainly found in fossiliferous sites in NE Italy.
The room is called "Sala delle Palme" (Palm Trees Hall) because its walls are covered by fossil palm leaves and coconut-like fruits of Early-Middle Oligocene age collected in localities near Bolca (Verona province) and along the Chiavon Valley (Vicenza province). Bolca, internationally notorious for the fossil fishes from the Pesciara, is also interesting for its shallow water flora. Up to now more than 250 tropical species of fossils plants have been found in the surroundings of Bolca. Many others palms come from the Chiavon Valley, such as the impressive Latanites maximiliani, over 3 metres tall.